1992-11-05_Minutes
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COMMON COUNCIL
NOVEMBER 5, 1992
At a meeting of the Common Council, held at the City Hall in the City of
Saint John, on Thursday, the fifth day of November, 1992, at 7:00 o'clock p.m.
present
Elsie E. Wayne, Mayor
Councillors Chase, Coughlan, Gould, Knibb, Landers, McAlary, A.
Vincent and M. Vincent
- and -
Messrs. J. Brown, City Manager; F. Rodgers, City Solicitor; J. C.
MacKinnon, Commissioner of Environment and Infrastructure
Services; J. Johnson, Building Inspector; Mrs. M. Munford,
Common Clerk; and Ms. C. Joyce, Assistant Common Clerk.
The Mayor called the meeting to order and noted that its purpose is to
hear presentations with respect to the City's proposed Smoking By-Law, which was
given first reading on May 4, 1992; and that this is the second hearing, the first having
been held on Tuesday, October 27; and advised that, following this meeting, Council
will be referring the matter to staff for direction and Council's further consideration.
Mr. Frank Hogan appeared before Council, representing the New
Brunswick Lung Association as the Volunteer Chairperson of the Saint John Branch;
noted the presence in the Council Chamber of Margaret Murdoch, Executive Director of
the New Brunswick Lung Association, and Sue Kelso, Co-Ordinator in Fredericton; and
explained that the New Brunswick Lung Association, a health agency, must continue to
care and try to get the message out on the health effects of both first- and second-hand
smoke. Mr. Hogan, through a slide presentation including statistical graphs,
commented on the Association's particular concern that children and teenagers,
because of factors such as peer pressure and image, are often blinded to the long-term
consequences of smoking and the effects of second-hand or environmental tobacco
smoke (ETS). Mr. Hogan commented on the results of surveys carried out in the
United States, Canada and Saint John with respect to opinions on whether or not there
should be restrictions on smoking in restaurants, the workplace, public transport and
hotels, and public places; the education level with respect to the benefits of being a
non-smoker and the benefits to smokers of smoking restrictions; and advised that the
City of Saint John would not be setting a precedent by enacting a smoking by-law in
that 280 Canadian municipalities already have some form of smoking by-law. Mr.
Hogan also advised that an attempt is being made to obtain from the Provincial Ministry
of Health the costs of smoking to the health care system of New Brunswick of smoking;
further advised that, if it is not possible to simply ban smoking in indoor public places,
which is the Association's first preference, the Association feels that it must at least
address the alternatives with regard to indoor public places, including food stores,
shops and retail stores, waiting areas, banks, common areas (hospitals, etc.),
churches, schools, meeting halls, and similar facilities, which represent approximately
90 per cent of all areas affected by the proposed by-law, in that it is likely that the
solution will be to declare them non-smoking areas, rather than consider the cost of
installing ventilation systems or enclosed areas for smoking purposes; and, with regard
to the places where the most concern is being expressed as indicated by the
presentations to Council, noted that such places include restaurants, bars and bingo
halls. Mr. Hogan acknowledged the Association's recognition that restaurants are a
special circumstance, making the observation that the proposed By-Law provides
special considerations in this regard; and recommended that, if a total ban is not
possible, bars and bingo halls be given the same consideration as restaurants and also
be allowed to phase-in the maximum size of designated smoking areas starting with 60
per cent in 1993, 50 per cent in 1994, and 40 per cent in 1995; and further
recommended that an automatic review period in 1995 be provided for in the By-Law in
that the risks of tobacco smoke to both smokers and non-smokers are increasing at
such a fast pace that any smoking by-law enacted today must be reassessed in light of
new information in the future.
Dr. Robert C. Beveridge, Chief of Emergency Medicine at the Saint John
Regional Hospital and Assistant Professor of Medicine at Dalhousie University,
addressed Council from the point of view of health and what he sees as some of the
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NOVEMBER 5, 1992
direct and indirect consequences of a progressive smoking by-law and on strategies
which, in his opinion, would be effective to improve the overall health of the citizens of
Saint John, and suggested that there ought not to be debate over whether cigarette
smoke or second-hand smoke or ETS is a serious health problem, nor can be it be
assumed that people are well-educated about the effects of cigarette smoke in that this
has been disproved through a heart health survey done a few years ago when it was
found that 40 per cent of the people in New Brunswick were not aware that cigarette
smoke is a serious risk factor for heart disease. Dr. Beveridge suggested that, while he
does not know why in Saint John the mortality rate for cancer, heart disease and
respiratory disorders is about 20 per cent higher than the rest of Canada and the death
rate for respiratory causes is as much as 50 per cent higher than in any other
community in the Province, there are things that can be done to change that; and
advised that a smoking survey in the City determined that the rate of smoking among
Saint John persons is about the same as the regional average, being about 30 per cent
of the population, while about 27 per cent of Canadians nationally smoke. Dr.
Beveridge expressed the opinion that going out into the community and being exposed,
intermittently, to cigarette smoke is not likely to be a major risk factor in that it requires
substantial doses of environmental tobacco smoke to cause these effects; however,
many people suffer from respiratory diseases who are not allowed to enjoy all the
benefits of going freely about the community; and cited as an example of this a
situation, which was the subject of a letter to him from a concerned citizen, involving
her daughter, who has asthma, driving on a City bus in which the driver was smoking
and subsequently needing to go to an emergency department for treatment after being
exposed. Dr. Beveridge also suggested that, with respect to his priority that young
people be educated so as to prevent them from starting to smoke, it could be made to
appear to them that it is very clear that society does not accept cigarette smoke
because it is an unacceptable risk for bad health by taking it away from areas where
children will see it, such as shopping malls, restaurants, and other public places, and
that it could be easier to prevent the problem from starting than to attempt to stop the
addiction; and made the observation that, in determining how restrictive a by-law
should be, bars could be overlooked in that children cannot go to bars and adults have
the choice.
The Mayor advised that the issue of a City transit bus driver smoking on
the bus would be followed-up immediately through the Transit Commission as it is her
understanding that this is against the Commission's policy.
Heather Erb-Campbell, speaking on behalf of the Heart and Stroke
Foundation of New Brunswick, advised that cardiovascular disease is the number one
cause of death in Canada, resulting in almost 80,000 deaths per year, and the single
most preventable cause of cardiovascular disease is smoking, while tobacco use alone
kills over 38,000 Canadians each year and the economic costs of tobacco use are
staggering; however, second-hand smoke or environmental tobacco smoke is an
important health issue that those who continue to smoke must address for the health of
others; and suggested that the issue at hand at this time is one of second-hand smoke,
not of smoking, in that the majority of people have chosen not to smoke. Ms. Erb-
Campbell commented on the importance of reaching children and teenagers in order to
have a major impact on the number of deaths from smoking, with one of the ways to
change current smoking patterns being to reinforce non-smoking as normal, the
socially-acceptable choice; and expressed the opinion that, critical to doing this while
protecting the health of the majority of the population, is to legislate smoke-free spaces.
Ms. Erb-Campbell noted smoking restrictions already in place in Canada on domestic
and international flight, bus, train and banking services, as well as smoke-free retail
stores, theatres and shopping centres; and, with regard to environmental tobacco
smoke, advised that the Foundation does not support the creation of separately-
ventilated areas for smokers on the basis that such areas would need to be self-
contained, properly sealed and separately ventilated to the outdoors in order to remove
environmental tobacco smoke air pollution in buildings. Ms. Erb-Campbell also advised
that, with regard to concerns about the expense to enforce a non-smoking by-law, the
fact is that cities with 100 per cent smoke-free ordinances report that they are even
easier to enforce as there is no ambiguity in how to implement smoke-free policy; and
concluded that, with the support of the 77 per cent of Saint John citizens who have
chosen not to support, Saint John can be first in charting a new, healthier, smoke-free
future for the citizens of the community.
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Mr. Dave O'Brien appeared on behalf of the Saint John Charitable Bingo
Association, which represents 21 bingo halls presently operating within the boundaries
of the City of Saint John; apprised Council of a number of the charitable organizations
which are recipients of proceeds from the Charitable Bingo Association, as well as the
organizations and nights on which bingo is held, noting that these funds are needed to
in some cases supplement the persons who benefit from the charities and in other
cases are the sole source of income; and explained that, as bingo halls come under the
jurisdiction of the Provincial Lottery Commission, a department of the Minister of
Finance, a minimum of 15 per cent of gross sales must be maintained for the charity
which must be calculated before all prizes and costs of operating a bingo are paid out.
Mr. O'Brien commented on the results of the Association's survey of its bingos and
players which concluded that 70 per cent of players are smokers, 27 per cent of non-
smokers insist on sitting with their smoking friends even when non-smoking sections
are available, 97 per cent of players advised they wanted no change, and 3 per cent of
players wanted a change; and expressed the opinion that Council has a mandate to
enact a smoking by-law but only in those public areas over which it has direct
jurisdiction; therefore, as restaurants, bingo halls, banquet halls and so on are classed
by law as private business, the owners of those premises are the only persons who
have the right to ban smoking or reduce smoking within their premises, and that, to look
at it in any other manner is a denial of personal rights and sets a precedent of intrusion
into the private domain. Mr. O'Brien suggested that there are three sides to this issue:
the health side, the dollars and cents side and the common sense side; and proposed
that a common sense solution might be for the City of Saint John to come up with a
formula to rate the quality of air in bingo halls and require operators to post public
signs, along with a warning of the health hazard, and it would then be the responsibility
of each bingo hall, over a 5-year period, to address its rating by mechanical means
and/or by gentle persuasion of its players to slowly reduce their smoking habits. Mr.
O'Brien distributed copies of his brief to Council members following his presentation.
Mr. Wally Bunn, who with his wife Betty own and operate the Historic
Cafe, 1990 Ltd. at 179 Prince William Street, addressed the proposed Smoking By-
Law, particularly on the basis that, while the public advertisement with respect the
hearings indicated that restaurants with 41 or fewer seats are exempted, the proposed
By-Law is written in such a manner that these establishments come under more
stringent restrictions than the larger establishments, and asked for clarification of
section 6, subsection 1 dealing with an indoor public place, other than a restaurant
having a seating capacity for 41 or more persons. Mr. Bunn explained that, as the
Federal and Provincial Governments have banned smoking in most of their buildings
and due to the proximity of the Historic Cafe to these buildings, employees from these
buildings now frequent the Historic Cafe to the extent that it is 95 per cent smoking
about 98 per cent of the time; therefore, to try to change that now and adopt a no-
smoking policy would be totally devastating for the business. Mr. Bunn made the
observation that the proposed By-Law is not one of choice but rather is restrictive in the
sense that the architecture of many buildings would not allow the renovations
necessary, and the cost for many businesses would be totally restrictive; therefore, the
by-law is aimed at having people make their establishments non-smoking; and, in
acknowledging that there is a need to enact a by-law to protect people who have no
choice but to be in public areas, suggested that the hospitality industry should be
allowed to judge its customers as to whether or not they are smokers or non-smokers
and attempt to cater to the needs.
At the request of the Mayor, Mr. Johnson confirmed Mr. Bunn's
observation with respect to the manner in which the By-Law restricts restaurants with
41 or fewer seats; and clarified that this was not the intent, in writing the proposed By-
Law in that, while a general exemption for small restaurants in stand-alone buildings
was put in the beginning of the By-Law, the fact that there are restaurants with 41 or
fewer seats not in stand-alone buildings which should be given the same exemptions
was not considered when writing the regulations for restaurants that were larger;
therefore, it will be necessary to re-word the By-Law to meet the intent.
Paula Cunningham addressed Council as a counter clerk in the
hospitality industry; expressed the opinion that, due to the high cost of renovations
required to comply with the proposed By-Law, the establishment where she works will
be unable to stay open and her job will be gone after 4 years of dedicated service and
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hard work, and she will be unemployed; and asked Council to think again before
passing the proposed By-Law.
Lisa Anderson, a worker in the food service industry, spoke on the basis
that her job depends on Council's decision, and asked Council not to pass the
proposed By-Law as is.
May Spavold appeared to ask Council to reconsider its decision with
respect to a proposed Smoking By-Law; advised that she is a manager in the food
service industry in a restaurant that seats 62 people of which 75 per cent are smokers
and that, if the By-Law is passed as is, the restaurant, financially, will not be able to do
the changes required and will have not choice but to become a no smoking restaurant
and lose 75 per cent of its customers; also advised that this would close the restaurant
down and result in ten persons being out of a job; and expressed the opinion that any
changes warranted should be the restaurant's decision as a lessee not the Common
Council.
Charlene Roy was not present at the meeting to present her previously-
submitted letter which asked Council to reconsider its decision on the basis that, if the
By-Law is passed as is, she would be out of work as a counter clerk in the hospitality
industry.
Diane Putt spoke as an employee of a privately-owned small business in
the City on the basis of her opinion that intervention in the private sector by Common
Council is unacceptable; expressed agreement that members of the public should be
made aware of the environment into which they enter by a smoking/non-smoking sign
on the outside of the building, but it should be the individual who has financed the
operation and the individuals who choose to enter the establishment to dictate their
environment; suggested that the cost of renovations would force many small
businesses to close; and requested that Council re-evaluate the proposed By-Law
before the final vote.
Dr. Christine Davies, Co-Chair of the Health Action Council, addressed
the proposed Smoking By-Law, and elaborated on the following reasons for the Health
Action Council's support of the By-Law: (1) a healthy community is by definition a non-
smoking community; (2) barring smoking in the workplace has encouraged smokers to
quit, and barring smoking in public places will further encourage people to quit; (3)
smoke-free public places send a better message and set a better example to the youth,
who are bombarded by advertising urging them to smoke; and (4) non-smokers have a
right to a smoke-free environment in public, to protect their health and comfort.
The Mayor noted that the Saint John Charter Rights and Civil Liberties
Association submitted a letter to Council at its last meeting which the City Solicitor must
address; and Councillor M. Vincent referred the following questions on the proposed
By-Law to the City Manager for a response to Council:- (1) does section 3, which deals
with public places, include a grandstand; (2) with respect to section 4 b), which
indicates that a person may smoke in a designated smoking area in an indoor public
place, who is responsible for designating; (3) with regard to section 5.1 b), which refers
to the posting of no smoking signs in certain areas which serve the indoor public place,
are elevators already covered in the National Fire Code; and (4) does section 6.1 (1)
include tents. The Mayor also noted that this concludes the public hearings on the
proposed Smoking By-Law and that staff will now review it in view of statements and
questions which have arisen, and report to Council at either the November 9 or
November 16 meeting.
On motion of Councillor M. Vincent
Seconded by Councillor Landers
RESOLVED that this meeting be
adjourned.
Question being taken, the motion was carried.
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Common Clerk